Essay Professional and Personal Goals - 2159 Words

Introduction For the past eleven years I have been working in the web designing and development field, specifically for colleges and universities. Beginning at Peirce College, while pursuing my undergraduate degree in information technology, and working as a work-study student on the college’s website, I was able to acquire experience and web development and design techniques that are used in a higher educational setting. After graduation from Peirce, I was employed as the web manager and eventually assistant director of web communications at Philadelphia University, where I continued to learn techniques specific for universities, such as how to design site that appeal to prospective students, how to manage different faculty, staff,†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Communicating technical issues – technical people tend to talk in a way that a person that is others may know fully understand. Being in a public relations setting, as well as conducting technical training, I have ac quired skills to relay technical web processes to these users and helping to get to feel more comfortable using web systems. †¢ Knowledge of how to market universities to target audiences – Involvement with these different universities over the years, learning what the tendencies of users, from studying site statistics, conducting focus groups, and studying best practices in the market, I have a firm understanding of how to create usable site architecture, that could be beneficial to universities. Weaknesses †¢ Introvert tendencies – When working on projects, I sometimes like to just be alone, with music and just focus completely on that one project. I also tend to not speak up in meetings and group settings, even if I have a great idea, I usually dwell on it and the idea get presented by someone else or I just don’t get my idea across as well as I would have liked to. †¢ Lacks of business savvy – I feel like I lack that know-how of how to start a business, where to get capital, legal information, or writing a business plan. †¢ Tell ideas as opposed to sell ideas –Show MoreRelatedPersonal and Professional Goals1193 Words   |  5 PagesPersonal and Professional Goals Andreea Pop University Of Phoenix HCS/301 February 07, 2011 Personal and Professional Goals Over the last couple of years I have been contemplating over the direction of my life, and finally decided it is time to assume more control over it. That is way I decided to return to school in order to earn my BSN. 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Vaccines Are Promising Methods For Disease Prevention

Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory disease, and commonly known as whooping cough because of the uncontrollable coughing which follows infection. However, the immunization against pertussis has two vaccines; DPT and DTaP. DPT contains whole cell pertussis which is pertussis bacteria chemically and heat treated while the DTap version has less bioactive pertussis toxin, both these vaccines are also used to prevent diphtheria and tetanus. DTaP has replaced DPT in numerous countries as it has been deemed safer; DTap will also be the vaccine most referred to as the discontinuation of DPT makes it irrelevant to the purpose of determining whether or not countries should pursue the usage of pertussis vaccines. While vaccines are promising†¦show more content†¦2009). This system only monitored individuals aged 10 – 64 years as this was the only demographic which could receive the vaccine. 3.3 million patients participated in the study, however only 660,000 received the TDaP vaccine and were the main focus. In order to determine whether or not the occurrence of encephalitis was relevant to the immunization, cases which happened within 1-4 2day risk window after the vaccination were considered relevant. The main disadvantage for this form of data collection is that it relied on an electronic hub for collection, and there was probable delay in updating patient files. To overcome this possibility, Yih et al. (2009) conducted another confirmatory analysis post-study period. Using statistical technology, Yih et al. (2009) set two values; critical value and an upper limit value. If the critical value is reached, the null hypothesis that there is no correlation between the DTaP vacc ine and encephalitis cases would be rejected. However, if the upper limit value is reached prior to the critical value, the null hypothesis stands. The results of Yih et al. (2009) determined that the TDaP vaccine was not causal to encephalitis arrival as upper limits were reached before critical values. In addition, according to Yih et al. (2009)’sShow MoreRelatedFish Disease Outbreak And Prevention1733 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Fish disease outbreak and prevention in Aquaculture Aquaculture has globally developed over last decades. The expansion of aquaculture production may leads to an increase in case of disease outbreak such as viral and bacterial infections (Hannesson, 2003). Previously, many antibiotic has been used to solve the problem. However, in some countries, the use of antibiotic has result in a heavy burden and it cannot be accepted (Evensen and Leong, 2013). Therefore, the effective disease control measurementRead MoreAIDS Prevention in Africa Essay1628 Words   |  7 Pagesunborn children. 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Principal of Marketing for Journal about Brand Management

Question: Describe about the Principal of Marketing for Journal of Brand Management. Answer: Managers often face challenge to sustain the brand positioning in the competitive business environment (Tapp and Spotswood 2013). In other words, businesses find difficulties to maintain reputation and continue each products hold in the market place (Fitzgerald, Neal Cavanaugh and Borden 2014). The given case study also discussed their marketing journey and several ups and downs since their inception. However, the brand Vegemite continued to widen its consumer base and target audience. However, the iconic brand faced difficulties when iSnack 2.0, a line extension product of Vegemite has introduced into the market. Based on this case study, the researcher has addressed all the given questions. 1. Marketing mix is an effective tool for analyzing the product position before entering into the market (Lapide 2015). There are many elements incorporated into the marketing mix. However, the main elements are product, price, promotion and place. This case study demonstrates Krafts brand strategy. Based on the analysis of the case study, the company, Kraft, faced problem due to introduction of a unique brand promotional strategy for the release of iSnack 2.0 in the Australian food market. It means the strategic decisions regarding the promotion, proved the most problematic for Kraft. Marketing tool is often vital when it is used for brand offering (Tapp and Spotswood 2013). With the right marketing mix, the business actually can obtain the best result after launching the product. However, Kraft had made a wrong brand strategy for promoting new business range into the market. According to this given situation, the company did not get the expected positive response from their target audiences. The company made mistakes during the promotional campaign of the product (Leekha Chhabra and Sharma 2014). Kraft had given more importance to the announcement of the new name regardless of the highlight the features of the new product. Despite the fact that iSnack 2.0 was offered in the de mand of the people from Australia, however, the company had arranged three months long naming competition. This was the reason that the company faced criticism from customers who declared the name as stupid. By the name, the company was also differentiating their product from the original Vegemite. According to the marketing theory, brand recognition is important for sustaining in the competitive environment (Fitzgerald, Neal Cavanaugh and Borden 2014). In this case, Vegemite is already a part of Australian food history. Therefore, it was irrelevant to give extra emphasis upon the brand promotion for the sake of the name of the new product. Furthermore, this had proven that Aussies were interested to experience the new variations to an old favorite. In this context, this can be said that the name of the product is not as important as the product features. Therefore, the extensive public involvement to name the new product may be the reason for not elicit the expected positive responses from their reliable customers. 2: Despite the public criticism of the iSnack 2.0 name, Kraft was recorded positive consumer responses after its initial release. The company had been followed market mix tool considering four aspects of their new product. This tool is used for offering product at the right quantity (Product) with the right price (Price) in the right place (Place) by using the most appropriate promotional (Promotion) strategy (Campelo et al 2013). However the company met the following condition before developing the right marketing mix for iSnack 2.0. Product: In 2009, Kraft responded the consumer feedbacks and identified that there is a huge product demand with some specific consideration. As per the consumer choices, iSnack 2.0 was introduced in the market which was creamier and the consumer would not get any difficulty to spread. In addition, Australian people wanted something which did not like butter at all. All this product specification was incorporated into the new product of Kraft. After an online market research campaign the company determined that which could easy to eat on the go and could dip straight from the jar and eat by itself. Kraft developed a new product by the name of iSnack 2.0, was a perfect mixture of original Vegemite and cream cheese. Thus Australian liked the taste and the new product was at success because consumers had found same features what they demand for and this is the reason that more than 3 million jars of the product were shipped within just three months period after the launch. Price: Australian people were ready to accept the new product without considering price element. However, the brand is very specific about their product and known for its right price. This is the one of the reason why Vegemite has a 90 percent penetration of Australian homes. This iconic brand is popular for its affordable price strategy since the year of 1939 when the product got recognition for its Vitamin B content, but the company did not change the momentum of the product. There were no price hike and this strategy had been followed at the lunch of iSnack 2.0 as well. Place: Vegemite is the iconic brand of Australia. Vegemite continued to widen its loyal customer base in the food industry of Australia. This is the reason the new product had launched in the several supermarket of Australia. Promotion: For the promotion of the new product, Kraft had been practiced an extensive promotional campaign for generating maximum customer response. Kraft lunched a competition among the Australian to name the product. This is a unique promotional strategy because the company made involved all the people of Australia and successfully generated the awareness and increased the curiosity among the heart of Australia. The company had promoted their product through social media like Twitter and their responses got recorded. However, an extensive marketing for the name of the product go against for iSnack 2.0. According to Neuvonen (2016), the target group needs to be made aware of the existence and availability of the product through promotion where product featuring is essential. However, the company made a huge mistake. In the brand promotion, the company needed to make a clear statement about the ingredients, health related factor. While attempting to speak to a particular market segment by the name of iSnack 2.0, the new product failed to place in the heart of Australian people. People: Kraft had been focusing the local consumers demand while developing the new product iSnack 2.0. As per the desired product specification, the company had developed their new innovation. Therefore, people are the main driving force for such innovation. In this way, each elements of marketing mix may have contributed to the initial success of iSnack 2.0 marketing strategy developed by Kraft. 3. The given case clearly indicates that Vegemite has developed an iconic brand status and the company is sustaining with wide ranges of loyal customers in Australia. Now Vegemite has been using this brand reputation for developing a recent line extension product, .Cheesybite. This is always advantageous if the products recognized by the consumers (Braun 2012). However, it takes time and many challenges may be faced by marketers. In the fast moving consumer good area, the brand has successfully occupied its position. However the company has started their journey slowly in the market and faced difficulties to draw customers from the competitive product called Marmite. Or getting more consumer response the company had even changed their name but all these efforts went into vain. After that the original brand Vegemite was reinstated in the year of 1935. Since the participation with Kraft Food, Vegemite had boosted their position and the brand had successfully penetrated the Australian f ood market by 90 percent. Therefore, this brand would definitely like to maintain this position in the coming years. Furthermore, Kraft would like to hold loyal consumers by making innovations into their product developmental processes. However, there is a high chance to face many marketing challenges by Kraft in maintaining the brand status of Vegemite. These probable challenges are as follows: Maintaining the brand consistency: Branding is more effective when it is maintaining consistency, but it may challenging when small business grows or developing line extension products for maintaining higher customer demand (Dinnie 2015). In this context, Vegemite had extended their operation by introducing new products into the market. The loyal consumers of the company may have been their target consumers; however, delivering such product with consistency will definitely be a challenging part of Vegemite. Changing consumer preferences: The consumer preferences or demand for the product is always important before offering any product into the market (Swani Milne and Brown 2013). In this case, the decision regarding the introduction of Cheesybite, by the Kraft was completely based on consumer preferences. Here Australian consumers even specified what kind of products they are demand for. The brand has maintained the same features into their new products and got the taste of success. However, there is a huge risk of changing product preferences of consumers. In that case, the products may not be sold despite having the same consumers in the market. Presence of similar product ranges: The marketer may face challenges if similar kinds of products are available in the market (Theng So, Grant Parsons and Yap 2013). Currently, the brand, Vegemite has been maintaining brand status because this brand holds majority of the market share. However, if such loyal consumers finds alternative in the market then product demand or growth of revenue may definitely be reduced. Then it would be difficult for marketing managers to sustain the same brand position. Possessing a compelling vision: A brand vision needs to be differentiated itself, inspire employees and resonate with consumers (Leekha Chhabra and Sharma 2014). However, brands often find difficulties maintaining dynamic marketplace. In that case the brands need to engage more into the brand-building program. These immense pressures sometimes change the vision of the business. Building digital strategy: In the rapidly changing business environment, new product innovation, new capabilities and creative initiatives needs to be taken for maintaining the competitive advantages (Theng So, Grant Parsons and Yap 2013). In this context, the brand requires to be involved in the digital marketing to generate product awareness. Therefore, developing an effective digital program is often challenging for markets of the company. In the given case study, the brand was also promoting their new products by building digital promotional strategy and used the social media platform like Twitter. However, consumers instant reviews or feedbacks may hamper the status of the brand within a fraction of time. Recommendations: Kraft needs to promote the product features with displaying clear information so that consumers may not have any doubts while purchasing such products from the market. It means, an effective and innovative brand strategy needs to be included. Kraft needs to organize some primary research and conduct some questionnaires, surveys, interviews to know the changing consumer demands or complaints regarding the existing products or services. Based on such specifications the company the company will be able to develop new products into the market. Kraft must develop new sub categories of brand and build barriers to inhibit rivals from gaining relevance. This definitely requires transformational innovations which unfold the companys new ability to manage or fulfilling new consumers demand. Kraft needs to choose an effective integrated marketing communication through which Kraft will communicate with consumers and will understand their preferences, demand, or queries, if any. 4. A business utilizes the environmental resources and supplier goods and services to the environment. No entity can function in isolation because there are many factors that are closely and distantly surround the business (Wang et al 2014). This business environment has two parts: macro environment and micro environment. The micro business environment are internally influenced the business whereas the macro environmental forces are those of outside forces, that may be related to regional level, national level, or international level (Mohan and Chitradevi 2014). These macro environmental forces are going to be discussed in this section of the assignment. Furthermore, it provide threats or opportunities to the communities of business. Every organization often tries to manage these threats by effective utilization of resources (Kormishkina et al. 2015). These six macro environmental factors include Demographic environment, Economic environment, Ecological environment, Political environ ment, Technological environment and socio cultural environment related to a particular business. (Source: Thai and Turkina 2014) The macro business environment is all about the broad environment within the economy that influences performances, functions, decision making, and strategy of all group of business. All the elements of the macro environment are flexible, uncontrollable and rapidly changing with the consumer demands. By analyzing all factors, business can identify the product or service opportunities and limitations in the market. This study of the macro environment is called as PESTAL Analysis (Yksel 2012). Below are the variables of PESTAL that exist in the market: Demographic environment: Demographic business environment refers to the study of population. The factors are includes: The size of the population Growth rate Age of the population Religion Caste Level of education Language Income Race Size of the family Employment status These factors are relevant to the market to develop and implement the strategy for controlling and fulfilling the goals of the business (Grnig and Khn 2015). In the demographic field, people are the main driving force for the development of the markets. The diverse and wide demographic fields offer new business opportunities and can ensure the future growth of any particular business. However, this study is also critical for marketers because rapid changing business growth of the population or instability of income of the people can derive negative impacts over the business. Therefore, marketer should keep a close eye on demographic business environment. There are many demographic trends affects the markets are as follows: Changing population: The growth of the population is welcoming new business opportunities and challenges as well. Due to such demographic changes, the business entity should change their marketing strategies for selling the product and services to their target customers. Changing age structure: The changing age structure of the population is another important factor influencing the market. For instance, India, the developing Asian country, has one of the youngest populations all over the world is expected to keep that status and assumed that the median age would be 28 years. This may result adversely reduction in dynamism and this business can face problem related to changing demand of consumers. Changing income pattern: Income distribution is one of the common demographic factors by which market influences majorly. Business often measures the saving patterns of different level of individuals, purchasing power and so on. By this, the business entity can forecast and assess the intensity of the market opportunity and threats of the business. Economic Environment: The economic condition is one of the significant forces of macro environment of the business. An entity assesses the economic conditions, policies, economic system of the nation at which the business is operating (He 2015). To understand the economic condition of the nation, the business needs to assess the important criteria such as growth of the GDP, tariff and non-tariff rate, Vat, rate of unemployment, inflation, purchasing power, spending pattern and so on. There are many economic trends influence the businesses are as follows: Growth of GDP: The countrys infrastructural development ensures the GDP. This refers the total economic activities of the nation. The high GDP growth is always desirable because the nation can explore new market opportunities (Thai and Turkina 2014). This further ensures the average purchasing power of the consumers is high. It means that they can expend the money for buying product or services. Here the purchasing power depends on the several economic factors like current income, circulation of money, credit and debt availability and others. Barrier of tariff or non tariff rates: This is one of the important economic factors. The marketer often takes decision regarding the production of business based on the tariff rate. A high burden of tariff and non tariff of the nation tend to discourage the marketers to continue the business in that particular economic condition (Hill, Cronk and Wickramasekera 2013). Changing pattern of spending: Spending pattern is depends on many economic variables such as availability of the economic resources of the nation, distribution of income and assets of the nation and so on. Technological environment: This forms a crucial influence in the external market environment. This refers the factors that helps to develop new technologies, create new products and upcoming market opportunities. However a business entity that unable to cope with rapid technological changes may not be survived. This is further take into consideration that technological environment is differing from market to market. In that context, marketers need to consider some product modification to sustain in the global business environment. Although business may face many technological issues. For instance, non accessibility of internet facilities for all employees may hamper the business performance. On the other hand, technology provides customer to online shopping through the internet technologies. Ecological environment: Changing ecological environment is another essential consideration for macro environment analysis. Environmental concerns have growth strong presence in the business development (Epstein and Buhovac 2014). For instance, energy consumption, air and water usages need to be handled by implementing new business strategies and functional efficiencies. Important trends in the ecological environment are the growing shortage of natural resources and thus the care for resources. However, there is a potential threat of increased pollution, but this can be managed by the effective government intervention. Political environment: Every business is surrounded by the political environment. There are three significant elements of legal or political environment: legal, political and government Government: Policies, rules, regulations of government are governing and monitoring business activities of an enterprise. The regulatory framework, tax structure all are impactful considering the assessment of political environment of the business. Legal: Without having a sound legal system, the marketer cannot run his/her business (Hill, Cronk and Wickramasekera 2013). Legal system unfolds various business opportunities which are protecting competitors, customers and enterprises. Political: Stable political system also favorable for the growth of the business. There is a trend of political pressure to business where government pays extra attention for rights of minority, womens right and the right of consumers Social environment: Businesses are binding with social activities because it affects adversely, if business ignore customs, traditions, preferences, tastes, and knowledge (Hopkins 2012). All such factors are associated with human relationships and it impacts on business culture. The social trends like role of the business in the society, ethical business practice unfolds business opportunities. In this way, the six different macro economic factors help all businesses to operate. 5: Marketing information is a set of method and procedures designed to generate to analyze, store, generate and anticipate marketing decision information on a systematic manner (Piercy and Evans 2014). The marketing information is essential for marketers to obtain information like current business condition, position of competitors, scope of innovation, customer preferences, changing demand and so on. To understand the proper role of the marketing information, the researcher must examine what managers do and what information they need for their decision making. In this section, different sources of marketing information will discuss for understanding the value to marketing managers. It will further discuss the potential dangers if the marketing manager has taken his/her decision following from one source of information. Generally, the marketing manager is responsible for planning, organizing, coordinating, deciding and controlling business activities. According to Nedeva (2014), information system in managerial role is limited and make only indirect contribution such as communication oriented functionalities. However, Queiroz and Oliveira (2014) opposed that marketing information system enhances a managers presentation of information and largely in his/her decision making. Managers are involved in three types of decision making processes strategic, operational and management control. Under the strategic decision making, the managers need to decide the marketing objectives, policies, resources of the organization. In this context, managers often face problem in predicting the future of the market and its environment. For this reason the marketing manager needs to access marketing information. On the other hand, management control involves close interaction of those who are responsible for doing such part. It is all about decision regarding the how effectively and efficiently resources are being utilized by the managers. These responsibilities could not possible if marketing information is not available. To respond day-to-day changes in the business environment is also required for ensuring operational control and hence marketing information are essential. Marketing information can be obtained from three different sources: internal data, competitive marketing intelligence and marketing research. The set of information is a nonstop process that gathers data from these sources. Internal data about the company or business enterprise are collected from previous annual reports, websites, feedbacks where data like sales, profile of customers, orders, stocks customer service report can be gathered by the effective use of the marketing information system (Salvador and Ikeda 2014). By the extensive research of the internal source of information, manager can understand the key performance indicators of the business and also gathered information regarding the business limitations, operational inefficiencies and other concerning parts as well. On the other hand, information relating to marketing intelligence is also an important source of information for the managerial decision making. The data of marketing intelligence contains information relate d to suppliers, distributors and customers (Theodosiou and Katsikea 2013). This includes the everyday information regarding the product or service development in the market that helps a business prepare and adjusts its marketing plans accordingly. The information of marketing intelligence is possible to buy from external suppliers (ORG, MARG) who set up data gathering system to support commercial intelligence products that can be beneficial for selling to all entities in the market. Lastly, the gathering information by exploiting marketing research is common source of MIS. Management cannot always wait for information to arrive from internal sources. In that context, managers often make involve themselves in extensive marketing research and gathered information for decision making. By this research the marketing managers can get information regarding the potential market position, target customers, existing competitors in the market and their marketing policies, strategies and manag erial decisions (Davenport 2013). This information helps to understand the potential customers preferences, their demand, choices. However, managers may face difficulties if he/she obtains required information from one source alone. For instance, sources of marketing intelligence cannot always be relied upon because managers may find such information not up to the date. On the other hand, internal source of information gathered from company website may also be found irrelevant at times (Queiroz and Oliveira 2014). This is the reason marketer often complain that they lack enough information or have most of the information wrong. Therefore, a single source of information is no enough for decision making in the business. Generally, an extensive information gathering all three sources are required high time involvement which may not possible to give all the time for the manager and they obtain such information from a single source of MIS. Thus, marketing managers need to explore different sources of information to get the appropriate information which are important for decision making. The necessary ingredients for a good MIS are consistency, completeness and orderliness (Piercy and Evans 2014). References: Braun, E., 2012. Putting city branding into practice. The Journal of Brand Management, 19(4), pp.257-267. Campelo, A., Aitken, R., Thyne, M. and Gnoth, J., 2013. Sense of place: the importance for destination branding. Journal of Travel Research, p.0047287513496474. Davenport, T.H., 2013. Process innovation: reengineering work through information technology. Harvard Business Press. Dinnie, K., 2015. Nation branding: concepts, issues, practice. Routledge. Epstein, M.J. and Buhovac, A.R., 2014. Making sustainability work: Best practices in managing and measuring corporate social, environmental, and economic impacts. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Fitzgerald, J., Neal Cavanaugh, R.B. and Borden, N., 2014. CPR for the 4Ps Breathing New Life into the Marketing Mix. In International Academy of Business and Economics Conference. Grnig, R. and Khn, R., 2015. Global Environmental Analysis. In The Strategy Planning Process (pp. 89-96). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. He, Z., 2015, August. External Environment Analysis of Commercial-use drones. In 2015-1st International Symposium on Social Science. Atlantis Press. Hill, C.W., Cronk, T. and Wickramasekera, R., 2013. Global business today. McGraw-Hill Education (Australia). Hopkins, M., 2012. Corporate social responsibility and international development: is business the solution?. Earthscan. Kormishkina, L.A., Kormishkin, E.D., Semenova, N.N. and Koloskov, D.A., 2015. Favorable Macro Environment: Formula of Investment Activity Growth under the Economic Paradigm Shifted. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(4), p.163. Lapide, L., 2015. What About Product Portfolio Optimization?. The Journal of Business Forecasting, 34(4), p.21. Leekha Chhabra, N. and Sharma, S., 2014. Employer branding: strategy for improving employer attractiveness. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 22(1), pp.48-60. Mohan, C. and Chitradevi, N., 2014. impact of macro economic factors on banking index (cnx bank) in india. International Journal of Trade Global Business Perspectives, 3(1), p.722. Nedeva, V.I., 2014. analysis of marketing information systems and conception of an integrated marketing information system. International Journal of Computing, 3(2), pp.127-133. Neuvonen, H., 2016. Toward a model of brand strategy adoption. Journal of Brand Management, 23(2), pp.197-215. Piercy, N. and Evans, M., 2014. Managing Marketing Information (RLE Marketing) (Vol. 17). Routledge. Queiroz, J.P.D. and Oliveira, B., 2014. Benefits of the marketing information system in the clothing retail business. JISTEM-Journal of Information Systems and Technology Management, 11(1), pp.153-168. Salvador, A.B. and Ikeda, A.A., 2014. Big Data Usage in the Marketing Information System. Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing, 2014. Swani, K., Milne, G. and P. Brown, B., 2013. Spreading the word through likes on Facebook: Evaluating the message strategy effectiveness of Fortune 500 companies. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 7(4), pp.269-294. Tapp, A. and Spotswood, F., 2013. From the 4Ps to COM-SM: reconfiguring the social marketing mix. Journal of Social Marketing, 3(3), pp.206-222. Thai, M.T.T. and Turkina, E., 2014. Macro-level determinants of formal entrepreneurship versus informal entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(4), pp.490-510. Theng So, J., Grant Parsons, A. and Yap, S.F., 2013. Corporate branding, emotional attachment and brand loyalty: the case of luxury fashion branding. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 17(4), pp.403-423. Theodosiou, M. and Katsikea, E., 2013. The export information system: An empirical investigation of its antecedents and performance outcomes. Journal of International Marketing, 21(3), pp.72-94. Wang, L., Lurina, M., Hyytiinen, J. and Mikkonen, E., 2014. Bio-coal market study: Macro and micro-environment of the bio-coal business in Finland. Biomass and Bioenergy, 63, pp.198-209. Yksel, I., 2012. Developing a multi-criteria decision making model for PESTEL analysis. International Journal of Business and Management, 7(24), p.52.

Implementation in each Programming Language

Question: Documentation and discussion of the comparative ease of implementation (design /implement / debug) in each programming language, including how robustness issues were addressed. Answer: 1. C++ This has been for applying to the different applications along with setting the different applications to execute the program. This has been also able to construct the facility with the real world properties which are based on the common lisp and the scheme world fragmentation for all the incompatible version. This has been evident that it is a middle level programming for handling the platforms over Mac, UNIX and windows. This has been imperative with the programming features which provide a lower level memory manipulation. This is embedded towards the programming of the system as well as the resource an allocation of the system. The performance of the system has been based on the desktop applications and the other platforms which are able to provide a better server with proper search on the web. 2. Java The python program runs slowly than Java but take more time for the development. There has been the difference which is for handling the higher level data types as well as the dynamic typing. For the handling of the python, there is a syntactic support for the built of the language with the run time typing along with setting the objects which invoke the additional operations which are seen to be for the user defined methods. Java is able to perform the integer or the floating operations very easily. These are a lower level for the implementation with the development of the prototype components. 3. Python Python has been for the handling Java, Java script Perl. This has been for the use of the higher level with the integration of the dynamic programming system. For the code readability, along with allowing the programmers to proper express the line of the code to provide the best contracts that has been for the enabling and the clear programming for both the small and the large scale patterns. This is able to support the object oriented programming which has a dynamic type of the system to take hold of the operations as well as the different varieties of the stand along executives. The programs are able to work on the free and the open system source software for the community based development model. 4. Perl The system support is mainly for the handling of the UNIX scripts. This has been able to hold the costs of the structure with the built in regular expressions, scanning of the file with the features for the generation of the report. This focus on handling the data structure and the other OOPS programming for handling all the write and the read format. This is able to help in setting a better application domain as per the applicability of the system which is completely beyond the niche of Perl. Reference Ziad, T. (2009).Programmation Python: conception et optimisation. Editions Eyrolles. Wells, G. (2015). The Future of iOS Development: Evaluating the Swift Programming Language. Campbell, J. C., Hindle, A., Amaral, J. N. (2015).Error location in Python: where the mutants hide(No. e1381). PeerJ PrePrints. Barnes, J., Clark, J., Athey, S., Plotnicki, J. (2015). A Topic Analysis of ISECON Conference Proceedings from 1982 through 2014. InProceedings of the EDSIG Conference(p. n3441).

Properties of Light free essay sample

A drop of isopropyl alcohol will absorb light energy of different colors, and the evaporation rate of the alcohol will be measured. The key to this lab is the evaporation rate is directly related to the energy of the light shining on the drop. Materials: * * LEDs and circuits (from previous lab) * Pipette (or eyedropper) * Rubbing alcohol Index card * 9-volt battery * Flashlight * Stopwatch * Small cardboard box (shoe box) Procedures: A three-sided enclosure from the cardboard box was made. This created a location for applying light from the LED to the drop of alcohol while minimizing the effect of air currents on the evaporation rate. The eyedropper was used to place a single drop of isopropyl alcohol on an index card within the enclosure. The same size drop was used each time the step was repeated. The time it takes for the drop to evaporate without the LED present was recorded. The dark spot on the card caused by the alcohol was no longer visible. We will write a custom essay sample on Properties of Light or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A flashlight was used to help with the observance of the dark spot. The evaporation time was recorded. The same procedure was repeated for the different colored LEDs over the alcohol drop. The current through each LED and the distance from the LED to the drop of alcohol was the same for each run. The procedure for each color of LED was repeated at least 10 times and an average time of evaporation for each color was calculated. A graph of evaporation time versus frequency of the LED was then made. The red light has a lower energy than the violet light that’s at the end of the spectrum. The frequency of the light increases as the color of the light changes from red to violet. Wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional, which causes the wavelength to decrease as the color changes from red to violet (Hewitt, pg. 520). Depending on the color of the light, the wavelength can range from 710-5 cm (red) to 410-5 cm (violet), but all electromagnetic radiation travels at the speed of light. The frequency of the light, which is the number of wavelengths per seconds is calculated using the equation C=LN. L is the wavelength, N is the frequency, and C is the speed of light (Library Thinking Quest). From the observations collected, the red LED light took the longest to dry the drop of alcohol and the blue dried it the fastest. Since the red light is on the lower end of the electromagnetic spectrum is used the lowest amount of energy. Just by looking at the brightness of the light, this conclusion was made but reassured after doing some research. The red light was very dim and faint compared to the brightness of the green and the blue. The blue was the brightest of the lights. This light used the most energy and is one of the farthest on the spectrum beside violet. Since the frequency of light increases as the color of light moves down the spectrum, the red light has the smallest frequency of 4. 2*10-14, green has middle frequency of 5. 66*10-14 and blue has the largest frequency of 6. 37*10-14. The frequency is directly proportional to the energy produced by each of the light, which is shown in the graph above. The blue light had the highest frequency and that used the most ener gy. The red LED used the least amount of energy because it had the lowest frequency. The greater the frequency caused the alcohol to dry faster since it used more heat (energy) at one time. Light energy and frequency are directly related in the real world also. Typically since red lights have less energy than blues lights, blue objects are said to be hotter. In 1923, American astronomer Edwin Hubble (1889-1953) made an astounding discovery. As Hubble observed, the light waves from distant galaxies are shifted to the red end, and he reasoned that this must mean those galaxies are moving away from the Milky Way. These observations concluded that something that showed red was moving away from its observer. The laws of thermodynamics state that where heat is involved, the movement is always away from an area of high temperature and toward an area of low temperature. Heated molecules that reflect red light are areas that are moving toward an area of low temperature. Molecules of low temperature reflect bluish or purple light because the tendency of heat is to move toward them. Fire, for example, it lets off heat to keep people warm. The color of fire is mostly red and orange. These colors are at the lower end of the spectrum of light. The reason why fire is the color red is because; red gives off the lowest amount of energy because it has the lowest frequency. Fire can be used in many different ways in the world without using mass amount of energy to heat things up. As mentioned in the lab from last week, the alligator clips caused a lot of issues with holing the connections together. A better material would be the connection covers where the wires go inside a little tube and are squeezed together at each end to insure security.

Essay on Art as Experience

Essay on Art as Experience Essay on Art as Experience Essay on Art as ExperienceThe term â€Å"art† can be defined as the conscious and effective use of individuals’ talents, such as skills and creative imagination to produce impressive aesthetic objects.   Since the development and growth of human society, individuals make attempts to enhance their live with various forms of art, e.g. architecture, painting, photography and sculpture. However, there is hardly anybody has used his/her imagination to reflect personal experience of being some form of art. Today, art reflect human experience and helps to explore spiritual subject matters. According to John Dewey, â€Å"experience occurs continuously, because the interaction of live creature and environing conditions is involved in the very process of living†(36).   The major goal of this paper is to reflect personal experience of some actions and art forms, including the experience of looking in the mirror for 15 minutes, the experience of being a painting, the exp erience of being a style of painting, the experience of a photograph and the experience of viewing oneself in advertising. Different forms of experience, e.g. the experience of being a painting, a photograph and an advertisement, reflect different feelings because of certain differences between these images. The differences between images described in personal experiences reflect various values.My experience of looking in the mirror for 15 minutes  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Studying my face in the mirror for at least fifteen minutes was not an easy task. I timed myself and managed to stare for the entire fifteen minutes. I studied myself with the same honesty as Rembrandt or Van Gogh did. I study myself candidly. For the last five minutes, I stroke several different intentional poses. My experience of looking in the mirror for 15 minutes is amazing. I see different facial expressions, which reflect my mood and my personality. When I smile, my facial expression is li ght and appealing to the audience. When I am sad, my facial expression is dark and gloomy. I can easily change my facial expression if I start thinking about something positive or negative. I can find some similarities in analysis of Rembrandt’s image, Van Gogh’s image and my own image. I have found that the experience of looking in the mirror for 15 minutes is a valuable tool to increase self-esteem because an individual has an opportunity to highly value one’s own personality.My experience of being a paintingIf I were a painting, I would be in several periods of art history, e.g. Postmodernism (1970- ) if my painting reflects positive mood, or Modernism (e.g. Abstract Expressionism, 1940-1960) if my painting reflects negative mood. These art historical periods reflect my changeable personality. Postmodernism can be viewed as a break from modernism. This art period has some features of modernism, but these features provide more positive views. The following asp ects refer to Postmodernism: the individual’s position in the context, the increased role of aesthetic pluralism and meaning of art. My painting would imply culturally, politically and socially. First, my painting would reflect cultural context because culture plays an important role in art. Cultural attitudes toward a work of art explore an individual’s personality. On the other hand, cultural identity of the nation is formed by art. Besides, my painting would imply politically because I would include some political signs or symbols to make it more appealing to political viewed of the audience. Moreover, my painting would imply socially because each element in my painting must be focused on social acceptance. Abstract Expressionism is the highest form of Modernism. I believe that my painting can have some characteristics of Abstract Expressionism, if it is presented in a negative context, e.g. individuality, creativity, unconscious style of representation, the element s of visual formalism. These characteristics are focused on creating the feeling of pure abstraction.Experience of being a style of paintingIf I were a style of painting, I would be landscape. I believe that landscape is a unique style of painting because it reflects the beauty of nature. Landscapes demonstrate poetry in nature, placing emphasis on the intimate expression of various forms of nature. In some way, these forms reflect human emotions. I would be landscape of mountains and waterfall.   I believe that the landscape I would be should include many elements of nature in order to allow the viewer to enjoy the spiritual journey of bold imagination.   Being landscape means make the views feel the beauty of nature, and developing positive emotions and feelings.Experience of being a photographIf you were a photograph, it would be romantic style of photography that provides an idealized vision of photography. It would be some peaceful location, soft light colors, some storytel ling context and impressive images. The lighting would be intense. It is known that â€Å"the intensity of the illumination within the light envelope determines how the final image will look† (Rand 94). The photograph would be impressive if some subjects need more light and can reflect light. Among the most talented photographers, Brian Smith would influence my image. Smith’s advice would help to make a really meaningful and adorable portrait. My photograph would imply culturally, politically and socially. First, it would reflect American culture. Besides, it would be meaningful from a political perspective. It would reflect some symbols of American politics to encourage the audience highly value the U.S. political system and its leaders. Moreover, my photograph would imply socially because it would be socially acceptable.Experience of viewing myself in advertisingI can honestly view myself differently from how advertising presents how I should look.   I can identify what influences me emotionally. I can not only regulate my emotions, but also understand the feelings of other people. I am influenced emotionally by inequality, injustice, violence towards women and children, and violence towards animals.   In most cases, physical events have a strong influence on what I feel emotionally. For example, I hate racism and racial discrimination. I criticize those advertisements that have some hint of racism.I can articulate what influences me in an advertisement. I can be influenced by the effectiveness of humor, beauty, strength, self-confidence, tolerance and endurance.   Advertisements have powerful effects on people. However, advertisements influence people without their full recognition that they are being influenced. I can separate what makes me feel good about myself from what advertising indicates should make me feel good about myself. Although I know that advertisement often influences people in undesirable ways, the positive advertisemen t is more effective than a negative one. I feel good about myself from positive effects of advertisements.   From a psychological point of view, my feelings are reflected in what advertising indicates should make me feel good about myself.Richard Prince’s description of the Perfect Tense in Chapter 12 does not describe me, because I fall into Thomas Frank’s counterculture rebellion.   I believe that Thomas Frank’s study play an important role in revealing the existing links between advertising and the counterculture. It has been found that the possible consequence of the counterculture would be rebellious consumer behavior. According to Thomas Frank, cultural rebellion is associated with the counterculture. Counterculture attracts attention of many people today. I feel that I am a part of all of it. I believe that I feel myself somewhere in the context of cultural jamming. Culture jamming stands for the so-called politics of representation, which involves ad vertising in the context of artistic satire. I feel that I can act as culture jamming refiguring various product images in order to raise public awareness of existing problems (environmental problems, or unequal and unjust social practices). I do not fall on the â€Å"Advertising Horizon†.Moreover, I feel capable of constructing an identity outside the parameters of the advertising market. Today the advertising market provides some parameters, which help to successfully read and value some objects, or services, or oneself.   In other words, it sets some limits on human appreciation of an object or service. These limits help to construct the so-called brand identity. I can use my personal attitudes, experience and knowledge to construct an identity that would not be a standard. My identity would not be focused on the parameters of the advertising market. I would create a new form of advertising. I can support this fact by the ability to express my own ideas and desires to ac hieve the established goals in advertising.The cultural myths of individualism (the autonomous individual) or love of technology influence my self-image to a great extent. I accept individualism as the key cultural myth. I criticize collectivism because the effects of collectivism may be negative in establishing one’s own identity. I believe that personal self-realization is the basis of one’s own self-image. Besides, love of technology may influence my self-image, making it more appealing to the audience and more effective in interpretation. I completely agree that technology influences the way we think about ourselves, as well as the way others think about ourselves. I feel myself as being a victim of bipolar thinking. In some cases, I feel that bipolar thinking is caused by complex mental processes that may lead to emotional ride of extreme highs as well as deep depressive lows.ConclusionThus, comparing my painting, photograph and advertisement, it is necessary to c onclude that there are many differences between these images. These differences reflect the values we have studied all semester because the experience of viewing myself in advertising differs from the experience of being a photograph, or a style of painting, or painting. I feel that the most important information I learned in this class is how to develop the so-called visual literacy, or the ability to â€Å"read† and interpret the images that can be found in our information society. I have found that visual arts are important cultural element that the mass media use to obtain the power of representation.

Steinbeck's depiction of the struggle of Agricultural workers during Essay

Steinbeck's depiction of the struggle of Agricultural workers during the Depression, his role as a social commentator, and its impact upon his work - Essay Example The novels also serve the purpose of a social documentary and present a picture of the prevailing systemic injustices in the United States. It is fashionable with the new breed of novelists to separate politics from art. But in the case of John Steinbeck, this distinction is not evident. The author, in the process of creating a work of art had also taken upon himself to ask questions of social injustices in general and economic disparities in particular. Hence, Steinbeck’s body of work are in essence are full of his own perspective on the state of rural American society; the medium of the novel have given Steinbeck the requisite scope and opportunity to fulfill his role as a social commentator. The rest of the essay will cite instances from the two novels as well as foray into the biographical aspects of the author himself to support this assertion. To understand this social activist trait in Steinbeck’s character one has to look at the experiences and circumstances that shaped his vision of America. Firstly, his years as an adolescent in Salinas, where he got a first hand experience of his parents’ struggle for survival is a formative influence. It is the next phase of his life however, that will prove more important – his long-time relationship with the radical social worker Carol Henning. The influence of Carol Henning cannot be underestimated, for her socialist views on life had clearly rubbed off on Steinbeck, which is evident from the earliest journalistic assignments that Steinbeck undertook. His years as a novice journalist also had a key role in the shaping of his character, for these early writing assignments were the foundations for his later literary pursuits. In both the works in discussion – The Grapes of Wrath and Of Mice and Men, the influences of these formative stages of his early l ife are quite obvious. While Steinbeck never really espoused a